Handwritten Notes
Semester 5
BP504 T. PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY II (Theory)
UNIT-I
Metabolic pathways in higher plants and their determination
a) Brief study of basic metabolic pathways and formation of different secondary metabolites through these pathways- Shikimic acid pathway, Acetate pathway, and Amino acid pathway.
b) Study of the utilization of radioactive isotopes in the investigation of Biogenetic studies.
UNIT-II
General introduction, composition, chemistry & chemical classes, biosources, therapeutic uses, and commercial applications of following
secondary metabolites:
Alkaloids: Vinca, Rauwolfia, Belladonna, Opium,
Phenylpropanoids and Flavonoids: Lignans, Tea, Ruta
Steroids, Cardiac Glycosides & Triterpenoids: Liquorice, Dioscorea, Digitalis
Volatile oils: Mentha, Clove, Cinnamon, Fennel, Coriander,
Tannins: Catechu, Pterocarpus
Resins: Benzoin, Guggul, Ginger, Asafoetida, Myrrh, Colophony
Glycosides: Senna, Aloes, Bitter Almond
Iridoids, Other terpenoids & Naphthaquinones: Gentian, Artemisia, taxus, carotenoids
UNIT-III
Isolation, Identification, and Analysis of Phytoconstituents
a) Terpenoids: Menthol, Citral, Artemisin
b) Glycosides: Glycyrhetinic acid & Rutin
c) Alkaloids:Atropine, Quinine,Reserpine, Caffeine
d) Resins: Podophyllotoxin, Curcumin
UNIT-IV
Coming Soon..
Industrial production, estimation, and utilization of the following phytoconstituents: Forskolin, Sennoside, Artemisinin, Diosgenin, Digoxin, Atropine, Podophyllotoxin, Caffeine, Taxol, Vincristine and Vinblastine
UNIT V
Basics of Phytochemistry
Modern methods of extraction, and application of the latest techniques like Spectroscopy, chromatography, and electrophoresis in the isolation, purification, and identification of crude drugs.
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